Overview
Lordosis is an excessive inward curve of the lumbar spine. Mild lordosis is normal, but exaggerated curvature can cause pain.

Causes and risk factors
Posture, obesity, spondylolisthesis, hip problems, and muscle imbalance can contribute.

Symptoms
Lower back pain, fatigue, and altered posture.

Diagnosis
Physical exam and imaging when needed.

Treatment
Physical therapy focused on core strength and flexibility, weight management, and activity modification. Surgery is rare.

When to seek care
Persistent pain or neurologic symptoms require evaluation.