Overview
ACI uses a patient’s cartilage cells to grow new cartilage for defects.

Indications
Large focal cartilage defects in younger patients.

How it is done
Cells are harvested, cultured, and implanted in a second procedure.

Risks and considerations
Two-stage surgery and prolonged rehab.

Recovery timeline
Rehab is lengthy; return to sport often 9 to 12 months.

When to seek care
Increasing pain or swelling needs evaluation.