Overview
Total shoulder replacement replaces the damaged ball and socket to relieve pain and restore function.

Indications
Advanced shoulder arthritis, severe pain, and loss of motion not improved with conservative care.

Procedure overview
The humeral head is replaced with a metal ball and stem, and the glenoid is resurfaced with a plastic component.

Recovery
Immobilization in a sling initially, followed by physical therapy. Recovery typically takes several months.

Risks and complications
Infection, instability, nerve injury, and implant loosening.

Alternatives
Non‑surgical care or partial shoulder replacement in selected cases.